What continues to remain unclear is detailed knowledge of the commercial development of MP systems and therefore, the opportunities to apply this knowledge to other tree crops where effective pollination limits yield and quality. Further we identified that the key barriers for progressing MP systems more widely include knowledge gaps in pollination biology, particularly of emerging fruit and nut species that are grown outside their native distributions, and access to proprietorial knowledge gained by commercial operators. This review found that, whilst MP systems are a commercial reality for a wider range of fruit crops (e.g., sweet cherry) than nut crops (e.g., almond), promising results have been achieved at the experimental scale. Here, we review published and ‘grey’ literature to investigate the feasibility of MP systems of economically important tree fruit and nut crops. To date, commercial MP systems have been developed for only a few crops (e.g., kiwifruit and date palm), suggesting that innovation in the use of MP systems has been stymied. Mechanical pollination (MP) systems offer the potential to increase productivity of a broad range of horticultural fruit and nut crops, and to manage the risk of reliance on current insect pollination services. Pollination is essential for the production of most fruit and nut crops, yet it is often a limiting factor for both yield and product quality. The ultra-low temperature preservation technology for soybean pollen could break the spatiotemporal limit of soybean hybridization and facilitate the development of engineered soybean breeding.
#The iron bleep of pawnee verification#
The off-season (local site Heihe) and off-site (Beijing, after long-distance express delivery from Heihe) hybridization verification was conducted, and no significant difference in true hybrid rate was founded between the preserved pollen and the fresh pollen. In vitro culture experiments showed that the viability of preserved pollen remained as high as about 90%. during the fully-bloom stage of soybean plants and were dehydrated for 10 h and then frozen and stored at −196 or −80 Soybean flowers at the initially-open stage were collected at 6-10 a.m. In this study, we improved methods for the preservation of soybean pollen at ultra-low temperature. Ultra-low temperature preservation of pollen is an effective and safe way for long-term storage of plant germplasm resources. Preserving viable pollen is of great interest to breeders to maintain desirable germplasm for future inbreeding.
0 kommentar(er)
